Lesson 19: Reading and Vocabulary : Tourism
Brainstorming questions:
Instructions: You are going to read the passage entitled “Tourism”. Before you read it, discuss the following questions in groups of four.
- Do you think that tourism has important contributions in the overall development of a country? How?
Discuss briefly.
2. Can you name the main tourist attraction sites in Ethiopia? Which one do you want to visit if you are given opportunity by any individual or organization? Why?
3. The following words have been used in the passage.
Discuss their meaning with the help of your teacher: hospitality, hard currency, consumables, accommodation.
4. Look at the main tourist attraction sites in Ethiopia. Which attraction sites are breathtaking for you ? why?
VOCABULARY: Word formation
I. noun + noun compounds
A compound noun is a noun made by putting two or more nouns together to act as one noun. These nouns can be written as one word as in “fireworks” and “waistline” or hyphenated words as in “well- being” or as separate words as in “ice-cream”. Here are some more examples:
| Noun + Noun Compound | Description |
| Coffee table | A low table designed for use in a living room, typically placed near seating areas. |
| Raincoat | A waterproof coat worn to protect against rain. |
| Bookshelf | A piece of furniture with shelves for storing books. |
| Firefighter | A person who extinguishes fires professionally. |
| Toothbrush | A small brush with a handle used for cleaning teeth. |
| Moonlight | The light reflected from the moon. |
| Windshield | The front window of a vehicle. |
| Breakfast | The first meal of the day, typically eaten in the morning. |
| Headquarters | The main office or center of operations for an organization. |
| Bedroom | A room designed for sleeping in. |
II. Adjective+ noun Compounds
Sometimes adjectives and nouns can form a single word
For example: greenhouse, rainy season, sunny days, far sight, driven word, fast food, etc
| Adjective+ noun Compound | Description |
|---|---|
| Bittersweet | A complex emotion combining both happiness and sadness simultaneously. |
| Whispering | Speaking in a soft, hushed voice, often conveying secrecy or intimacy. |
| Red-hot | Extremely hot, typically used to describe intense heat or passion. |
| Deep-rooted | Firmly established and difficult to change, often referring to beliefs or traditions. |
| Freezing cold | Extremely cold weather, characterized by temperatures below freezing. |
| High-pitched | A sound or voice that is sharp and piercing, typically at the upper end of the auditory range. |
| Open-ended | A question or situation that lacks a definite answer or conclusion. |
| Broad-minded | Tolerant and accepting of different viewpoints and ideas. |
| Heavy-handed | Using excessive force or lacking subtlety, often in dealing with situations or people. |
| Two-faced | Describing someone who is deceitful or hypocritical, showing different sides to different people. |
III. verb+ noun
Sometimes verbs and nouns can form a single word.
Example: Swimming pool, driving license, writing pad, dining room, washing machine, etc.
| verb+ noun Compound | Description |
|---|---|
| breakwater | A structure built in a body of water to protect a coast or harbor from waves. |
| catchphrase | A memorable or striking phrase used in advertising or media. |
| drivetrain | The mechanism that transmits power from an engine to the wheels of a vehicle. |
| feedback | Information about reactions to a product, service, or situation. |
| handshake | A gesture or act of greeting, agreement, or congratulation. |
| rainfall | The amount of rain that falls in a specific area over a period of time. |
| shoehorn | A curved tool used to ease the insertion of a foot into a shoe. |
| software | Programs and operating information used by a computer. |
| swimming pool | A structure designed for swimming, typically filled with water. |
| turnaround | The time it takes to complete a process or a sudden change for the better. |
These words combine a verb and a noun to create compound terms that describe various concepts and objects in a succinct manner.
Practicing Phrasal Verbs with “get”
get on= make progress or be successful
Example: Using a dictionary is one way of getting on very well with your English.
get over=recover from illness distress or mental weakness
Example: After Bushra has started to do light physical exercises, now he is getting over his heart attack.
| Phrasal Verb | Meaning |
|---|---|
| get on | To enter or board (a vehicle or mode of transport). |
| get off | To leave or disembark from (a vehicle or mode of transport). |
| get off on | To derive pleasure or excitement from something. |
| get in | To enter or gain access to a place or situation. |
| get out | To leave or exit from a place or situation. |
| get out on | To experience or participate in something, often unexpectedly. |
| get over | To recover from an illness, setback, or emotional distress. |
| get over with | To finish or complete something, especially something unpleasant. |
| get through | To successfully complete or endure something difficult. |
| get to | To have the opportunity or ability to do something. |
These meanings capture the general usage of each phrasal verb in everyday contexts.