Revision of Verbal: Gerund, Infinitives and Participles

Review on gerunds, infinitives, and participles, along with examples for each:

Gerunds

Definition: A gerund is a verb form that ends in -ing and functions as a noun in a sentence.

Examples:

1. Subject: Running is a good way to stay healthy.
2. Object: She enjoys swimming.
3. Object of Preposition: He is interested in learning Spanish.

Infinitives

Definition: An infinitive is the base form of a verb, usually preceded by the word “to”. Infinitives can function as nouns, adjectives, or adverbs.

Examples:

1. Subject: To travel around the world is my dream.
2. Object: She wants to learn French.
3. Adjective: He has a lot of work to do.
4. Adverb: She ran to catch the bus.

Participles

Definition: Participles are verb forms that function as adjectives. They can be in the present form (ending in -ing) or past form (usually ending in -ed or irregularly formed).

Examples:

1. Present Participle: The crying baby woke everyone up.
2. Past Participle: The broken vase was on the floor.
3. Present Participle Phrase: Running down the street, he tripped and fell.
4. Past Participle Phrase: Exhausted from the trip, she went straight to bed.

These forms allow verbs to take on different roles in sentences, adding variety and nuance to the language.