Analogy

Analogy is a comparison between two situations, processes etc. that is intended to show that the two are similar. There are different types of analogy that include: part to whole, cause and effect, antonyms, synonyms, definitions, item category, time sequence, category, object to use, and product to producer.

Here are some important things to remember when you think about analogies:

1. Parts of Speech If the words in the first pair express a “noun: adjective,” or “verb: noun,” or adjective: adjective” relationship (for instance), the second pair should show the same relationship between parts of speech.
2. Word Order If the first pair expresses a “tool user: tool” relationship (for

instance), the second pair must express the same relationship in the same order.

c. Exactness Sometimes two or more of the given choices would make fairly good sense in the blank. When this happens, you should choose the word or pair of words, which most exactly suits the relationship you are expressing.

Example: Brush : paint ::pen :write. (N.B the single colon(:) reads as ‘is to’ and the double colon(::) reads ‘ as’ . Therefore the example should be read :- Brush is to paint as pen is to write.

Explain: You use a brush to paint and you use a pen to write.

Phrasal Verbs

Language Tips:

Grammatically, there are three types of phrasal verbs.

I.One type consists of verb+ adverb and they have an object. Particles can be apart or together.

Example: She puts on a hat. She puts a hat on.

Some common verbs of this type include:

Bring up, calm down, cross out, fill in, find out, give in, give out, look up, point out, pull off, put away, put through, take off, try on, turn off, work out.

II. The second type of phrasal verb consists of verb + adverb but there is no object. The Particles are inseparable.

Example: I usually get up at seven O’clock.

Who looks after the baby when you go to work?

Some common verbs of this type are:

break down, check in, get off, get up, go on, hang about, look out, set off, show up, take off, turn out, and turn up.

III. The third type consists of verb + adverb + preposition and they have an object. The particles are inseparable.

Example: We’re looking forward to your news.

Who come up with that idea?

Some common verbs of this type are:

do away with, face up to, run out of, and look up to.