In the 18th century, Britain’s 13 American colonies, previously in conflict with French settlers during the Seven Years’ War, faced growing tensions with Britain after the war ended in 1763. The imposition of the Stamp Act in 1765, which taxed documents without colonial representation, ignited outrage and resistance, leading to events like the Boston Tea Party. By 1774, the First Continental Congress formed to protest, and in 1775, the American Revolution began with armed conflict. Influenced by Enlightenment ideas, the Declaration of Independence was issued in 1776, asserting natural rights and declaring separation from Britain. Despite initial disadvantages, the colonists’ motivation, strategic mistakes by the British, and crucial French support led to American victory and independence in 1781. The war’s effects included the formation of the United States and the inspiration of other revolutions, though it did not end slavery.